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One Space, Five Literary Souls

Meet Adri Darmadji Woko · Bambang Widiatmoko · Kurniawan Junaedhie · Liauw Pauw Phing · Wardjito Soeharso

Curator’s Note: The Pancawara Literary Collective is an independent group of five Indonesian writers: Adri Darmadji Woko, Bambang Widiatmoko, Kurniawan Junaedhie, Liauw Pauw Phing, and Wardjito Soeharso. Its name derives from Sanskrit, meaning a five-day cycle tied to Javanese traditions. The collective aims to merge traditional temporal cosmogonies with modern literary methods, emphasizing diverse perspectives without hierarchical authority among its members. It produces poetry, prose, and essays, valuing literary plurality and treating works as reflections of societal realities. Their friendship is a cornerstone of their creativity, culminating in shared publications while respecting individual voices and journeys.

CHAPTER I

THE PANCAWARA LITERARY COLLECTIVE

1. Etymology

The name joins two Sanskrit elements that reached Javanese long before they reached Indonesian. Pañca means ‘five’. Vāra, which passes into Old Javanese as wāra, carries the sense of a turn or an occasion and, in calendrical use, of a day within a recurring cycle.[1] Pancawara is accordingly the five-day cycle of the Javanese pasaran: Legi, Pahing, Pon, Wage and Kliwon.[2]

The collective reads that cycle as five revolving axes of time, and takes as its motto the phrase One Space, Five Souls.

In several Javanese traditions the five pasaran days are mapped onto space as well as onto time, each associated with one of the four cardinal directions or with the centre.[3] Pancawara takes that conjunction of time and space as its emblem of equilibrium. Within the collective, the five positions are equal, and none is granted authority over the others. The configuration represents five temperaments whose differences enlarge what the group is able to write.

2. Philosophical Manifesto

Pancawara is an independent literary collective formed out of the friendship of five writers. It sets the symbolic structures of traditional temporal cosmology alongside modern critical method and uses the pairing as a working framework rather than as ornament.

The five share no style. Each writes from a different quarter of feeling, and the group’s premise is that these positions complete one another when held together in one space. The collective publishes prose, poetry and essays, and treats plurality of ideas as a condition of the work rather than a concession granted to it.

The collective rejects the reduction of literature to entertainment. It takes the text as a structure in which social reality and existential unease meet aesthetic inquiry, and in which sociological, psychological, and philosophical questions are allowed to contend without being settled in advance. Ambiguity that does intellectual work is left standing.

3. The Five Literary Axes

The collective names five directions of work, set out here in the order of the cycle described above. Each marks a temperament together with a set of critical affinities, and none is assigned permanently to a particular member.

The dawn axis

Beginnings, and the freshness of a thought before it has been argued. Its affinities are with deconstruction, semiotics and formal experiment, and its besetting risk is an experimental courage that outruns its own sense.

The ember axis

Heat, conflict and the energy of refusal. It draws on the sociology of literature, on historical materialism, and on the study of what a literature leaves at its margins.

The flowing axis

Where the ember axis presses, this one listens. Phenomenology and reception aesthetics shape its attention, psychoanalysis its patience. Its subjects are empathy, lucidity and the slow work of self-reflection.

The anchor axis

Discipline, research and attachment to the documented world. New Historicism and intertextual method govern its procedures. It asks where a claim comes from.

The mystic axis

Mystery, metaphysical inquiry, and the existential dimensions of ordinary experience. It aligns with existentialism and philosophical hermeneutics. Like the other four, it forms an equal part of the cycle and carries no central or governing authority.

4. Aims

Pancawara exists to sustain a creative space in which five distinct characters can work together and produce writing that remains legible and useful to contemporary readers. In practice, this means publishing regularly, collectively and individually, and bringing five modes of writing into a single working method.

Beyond publication, the collective works to cultivate aesthetic awareness and critical judgment among its readers through print and digital channels. It also treats each finished work as a document of its period, a record of the social, intellectual and existential life of its time rather than writing whose usefulness ends with a first reading.

5. Editor of the poetry anthology Pancawara

MAMAN S. MAHAYANA taught at the Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia, until his retirement. He was a visiting lecturer at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, South Korea, from 2008 to 2014, and in 2018 taught on an intensive postgraduate semester programme at the National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. In 2017, he gave a series of lectures on comparative literature at the National University of Singapore, together with public lectures on Indonesian literature at the Institute National des Langues et Civilizations Orientales (INALCO) in Paris, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, and University Malaya. He lectured on the same subject in Baku, Azerbaijan, in 2019, and at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies on 29 November 2024.

He is widely known as a literary critic, and his work has received numerous honors and awards. In 2005, the President of the Republic of Indonesia, Dr H. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, conferred the Satyalancana Karya Satya on him. He won the Sagang Award in Riau in 2006. In 2007, the Southeast Asian Literary Council presented him with the MASTERA Award in Kuala Lumpur for his book Sembilan Jawaban Sastra Indonesia, and in the same year Universitas Indonesia honored him for Ekstrinsikalitas Sastra Indonesia. In 2013, he received a Certificate of Appreciation from the President of Hankuk University of Foreign Studies.

In 2016, the Indonesian Minister of Education and Culture named his Kitab Kritik Sastra the year’s best book of critical essays. In 2024, the Head of Badan Bahasa, the Indonesian language agency, presented him with an award marking forty years of literary work. He was a prize-winner in the cultural studies research competitions held by Universitas Indonesia in 1990, 1991, and 1995, was named an Outstanding Researcher in 2003 and 2007, and received the award for the most productive academic paper writer from the Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia, in 2005, 2006, and 2016.

CHAPTER II

THE MAKING OF A FRIENDSHIP

The friendship at the heart of Pancawara did not arise from a long history of acquaintance. Adri Darmadji Woko, Bambang Widiatmoko, Kurniawan Junaedhie, Wardjito Soeharso and Liauw Pauw Phing had each followed an independent path as a poet, shaped by a distinct creative history and rhythm of language. Their closeness grew without elaborate preliminaries, as though language had opened the way before acquaintance did.

Pancawara names five equal positions within a single cycle. None of them holds authority over the others. The friendship shared by the five follows the same principle. Circumstances shift. At one moment a poet becomes the confidant to whom the others bring their news; at another he is the one who needs someone beside him. Strength, vulnerability, joy and difficulty arrive in turn, and fellowship acquires its meaning through a willingness to accept the changes each person undergoes.

What one person leaves in another often becomes visible only years afterwards. Through conversation, reading, disagreement and shared experience, a friend may help shape another’s understanding of life. Some of these influences stay in the memory; others settle further inward. In this sense friendship becomes part of the formation of the person.

A literary work has its own relationship with time. Something written years ago may be read again at a different age and disclose a meaning that was not visible before. Another reader may encounter it without ever having known its author. A work does not hold time still, because every reading brings new experience to the same words.

Pancawara therefore signifies something more intimate than collaboration in writing. It emerged when five people whom poetry had brought together discovered a bond they came to experience as fellowship. Their decision to publish a collective poetry anthology gave that bond a form which could be passed on to readers. The book brings five voices together without erasing any poet’s individual path. Togetherness assumes a tangible shape in it, and difference remains present in each poet’s character and in the human relationships that allow them to journey together.

CHAPTER III

FIVE PROFILES

The profiles that follow are compiled from published sources: encyclopedia entries, library catalogue records, press reports and, in one instance, a taxonomic paper. A number of biographical details are attested only in the Indonesian Wikipedia or in a single online source; the notes identify these, and they should be treated as provisional until primary documentation becomes available.

Adri Darmadji Woko

Adri Darmadji Woko was born in Yogyakarta on 28 June 1951. He is an Indonesian poet, essayist, journalist and theatre performer whose career has combined literary work with community organising.4 He is one of the founders of Komunitas Negeri Poci, established in 1993 with Kurniawan Junaedhie, Piek Ardijanto Soeprijadi, Handrawan Nadesul and Widjati, a community that has continued to publish and to convene poets for more than three decades.[5]

Education and Early Literary Activity

His interest in literature took shape at senior secondary school around 1970.[6] By the early 1970s he had begun founding literary groups in Jakarta, among them Kelompok Poci Bulungan (1972), Kelompok Sastra Kuningan (1977) and Poci Jakarta (1979).[7] He studied at the Faculty of Law, Universitas Jakarta, without completing the degree, and later graduated from Sekolah Tinggi Publisistik, now the Institut Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik (IISIP) Jakarta.[8] During the same period he founded and edited the literary magazines Sirkuit and Sastra 80, which gave younger writers a place to publish.[9]

Journalism and Theatre

Alongside his literary work he built a long career as reporter, editor and editor-in-chief on popular magazines, among them Sonata, Puteri Indonesia, Kartini, Halo, Pertiwi, Nona, Panasea, Mistis, Gelora Reformasi, Kencan, Kartika and Puan Pertiwi. He holds lifetime membership of the Indonesian Journalists Association (Persatuan Wartawan Indonesia).[10] He was also active in theatre with Teater Bulungan, Teater Saja and Teater Panuluh, appearing in Molière’s Le Misanthrope, staged as Musuh Manusia, and in Chekhov’s Swan Song, staged as Nyanyian Angsa.[11]

Literary Career and Recognition

His poetry, short stories, essays and articles have appeared in national publications including Berita Yudha, Suara Karya, Merdeka, Berita Buana, Kompas, Sinar Harapan, Suara Pembaruan, Tjaraka, Selecta, Midi, Hai and Horison.[12] His single-author collection Cicak-Cicak di Dinding appeared in 2014, and the following year it brought him the Anugerah Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan awarded by the Language Development and Fostering Agency of the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture.[13] A published biographical source reports that several volumes containing his poems are held by institutional libraries, including the National Library of Australia.[14]

Works

His individually authored and co-authored volumes include Negeri untuk Rahadi, Darah Biru Kaki Empat (with Syarifuddin A. Ch., 1974), Penyair Muda di Depan Forum (1976) and Boneka Mainan (1978), the last of these catalogued by the Universitas Indonesia Library.[15] His poems appear in anthologies including Tonggak 4, Puisi ASEAN 4, Senandung Rumah Ibu, the Dari Negeri Poci series (volumes 1 to 8), Serayu, Hijau Kelon, Gong Bolong, The Fifties, Senandoeng Radja Ketjil, Bangga Aku Jadi Rakyat Indonesia, Kitab Radja-Ratoe Alit, Suara-Suara yang Terpinggirkan, Kitab Karmina Indonesia, 1000 Haiku Indonesia, Sanghyang Jaran, Cadar Fajar and Gambang Semarang.[16]He and his work are recorded in Apa & Siapa Penyair Indonesia, published by Yayasan Hari Puisi in 2018.[17]

Bambang Widiatmoko

Bambang Widiatmoko was born in Yogyakarta on 24 October 1959. He is an Indonesian poet, essayist and lecturer whose work has appeared in newspapers and in numerous anthologies of poetry, essays and commemorative writing.[18]He is closely associated with the Dari Negeri Poci (DNP) poetry community and has served as chair of Komunitas Sastra Indonesia (KSI), a national literary organisation.[19]

Education and Academic Career

He completed postgraduate work in communication studies at Universitas Hasanuddin in Makassar.[20] He has taught at several institutions in Jakarta, including Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia and Universitas Mercu Buana. In 2003 the Pusat Lembaga Kebudayaan Jawi in Surakarta named him a Pelestari Budaya, a custodian of culture.[21]

Literary Career

He began publishing poetry in the late 1970s. His early single-author collections Pertempuran (1980), Anak Panah(1996) and Agama Jam (2002) turn on history, everyday life and social observation, the concerns that have occupied him since.[22] Hikayat Kata followed in 2011 and Jalan Tak Berumah in 2014.[23]

He has remained active in regional and national literary events. At a 2020 gathering in Banyumas, Central Java, he launched Mubeng Beteng alongside Tri Astoto Kodarie and Badarudin Amir.[24] He has been invited to national and international literary forums, among them the Musyawarah Nasional Sastrawan Indonesia and the 33rd World Congress of Poets, held in Ipoh, Malaysia, in October 2013.[25] In 2023 he was awarded Harapan II in the Media Indonesiapoetry competition for ‘Zikir Pohon Emas’.[26] In 2024 he received the Anugerah Pengabdian Sastra from the Language Development and Fostering Agency of the Indonesian Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology, in recognition of forty years of work in literature, alongside Kurnia Effendy, Seno Gumira Ajidarma and Gus tf.[27]

Works

His poetry collections include Pertempuran (1980), Anak Panah (1996), Agama Jam (2002), Kota Tanpa Bunga(Bukupop, 2008), Hikayat Kata (Gama Media, 2011), Jalan Tak Berumah (2014), Silsilah yang Gelisah (Kosa Kata Kita, 2017), Paradoks (Leksika, 2018), Airmata Sungai (Leksika, 2019), Mubeng Beteng (Interlude, 2020), Kirab (Interlude, 2021), Liat Pulaggajat (Kosa Kata Kita, 2022) and Tetaplah Tidur Mendengkur (2024). His short stories appear in anthologies such as Bupati Pedro, Laki-laki Kota Rembulan (DKS, 2002) and Elegi Gerimis Pagi (KSI, 2002).[28]

His poems have been included in dozens of joint anthologies, among them Puisi Indonesia 1987, Tonggak IV, Tanah Air Puisi (2021), Maafkan Kata-Kata(2021), Kebaya Bordir untuk Umayah (2021), Seribu Tahun Lagi (2021), La Antologia de Poesia Cultural Bolivia-Indonesia (2021), Republik Puitik(2025), Kariyau Hutan (2025), Share (2025), Kitab Omon Omon (2025), Empat Belas Purnama (2025), Zamrud (2025), Layang-Layang Tak Memilih Tangan(2025), Semesta Ingatan (2025), Menjaring Tanah Menghapus Resah(2025), Ramu Ramu Warteg (2026) and Mozaik(2026). His essays and criticism appear in Nyanyi Sunyi Tradisi Lisan (ATL, 2021), Mencecap Tanda Mendedah Makna(FIB UI, 2021), Esai dan Kritik Sastra NTT (KKK, 2021), Sastra, Pariwisata, Lokalitas (HISKI Bali, 2021), Antologi Kritik Sastra dan Esai (KKK, 2021), Jalan Sastra Lampung (DKL, 2022), Di Antara Gudang, Rumah Tua, pada Cerita(Gramedia, 2022), Oase di (Tepian) Kota (2023) and Tribut untuk Prof. Dr Edi Sedyawati: Dari Ganesa Sampai Tari(BWCF, 2024).[29]

Kurniawan Junaedhie

Kurniawan Junaedhie was born in Magelang, Central Java, on 24 November 1954. He is an Indonesian poet, short-story writer, novelist, journalist, editor and independent publisher, known in literary circles by the initials ‘KJ’. He began writing as a child and published his first work in ‘Si Kancil’, the children’s section of Liberty in Surabaya. In 1971, while at junior secondary school in Purwokerto, his short stories were appearing in Sinar Harapan and his poems in the youth sections of Pelita Minggu and El Bahar. From 1974 his poems, serials and short stories appeared in newspapers and magazines including Berita Yudha, Berita Buana, Yudha Minggu, Buana Minggu, Arena Warta, Kompas, Sinar Harapan, Suara Pembaruan, Selecta, Midi, Gadis, Hai, Kawanku, Suara Karya, Masa Kini, Pelopor Yogya, Berita Nasional, Suara Merdeka, Surabaya Post, Top, Aktuil and the literary magazine Horison.[30]

Education and Journalism

He completed his schooling in Purwokerto in 1976 and studied at Sekolah Tinggi Publisistik in Jakarta from 1977 to 1980. Encouraged by the editors Poppy Donggo Hutagalung and Gardjito, he paid his tuition from freelance writing for newspapers such as Sinar Harapan and Buana Minggu.[31]

From 1974 to 1977 he ran the ‘Lintasan Seni’ column in Berita Buana Minggu, and from 1977 to 1980 he worked as a journalist on the women’s magazine Dewi. In 1978 he founded the youth magazine Anita, later Anita Cemerlang, with R. Risman Hafil and Yanie Wuryandari. In 1981, with Harry Tjahjono and others, he founded and helped run the youth magazine Intan, which he stayed with until 1982, and the popular magazine Tiara, which he led until 1983. He returned to Dewi in 1984 as editorial coordinator.[32] In 1985, with Noorca Marendra Massardi, Seno Gumira Ajidarma and Yudhistira Ardi Nugraha, he set up the illustrated news magazine Jakarta-Jakarta for the Kompas Gramedia group. He was editor-in-chief of Tiara from 1989 to 1999, and afterwards worked as an editor at Kompas Cyber Media until taking early retirement in 2000. From 2021 to 2023 he initiated and directed the publication of the literary magazine MAJASwith Ana Mustamin, Agnes Majestika and Kurnia Effendi.[33]

Literary and Community Activity

His earliest published poetry collection, the mimeographed Rumpun Bambu, appeared in Purwokerto in 1974. He founded Sanggar Pelangi, affiliated with Pelita Minggu, and in 1974 Himpunan Penulis Muda Purwokerto with Dharmadi and Ahita Teguh Susilo. In 1993 he became one of the founders of Komunitas Negeri Poci alongside Adri Darmadji Woko, Piek Ardijanto Soeprijadi, Handrawan Nadesul and Widjati, and he has since curated and edited numerous volumes in the Dari Negeri Poci series.[34]

In 2010 he founded the independent Jakarta publishing house Kosa Kata Kita, drawing on nearly twenty-five years in publishing, much of it at Kompas, to help fellow writers issue their work outside the major commercial houses.[35] Under that imprint he has curated and edited the Aksi Swadaya anthology series, which has run to sixteen instalments, together with Profil Perempuan Pengarang & Penulis Indonesia (2012), Apa & Siapa Perempuan Pengarang/Penulis Indonesia (2023) and the reference collection Ayat-Ayat Sastra, which reached a third printing in 2020.[36]

In 2024 he published Jejak Langkah Penyair Muda 1970-an dalam Pusaran Zaman, a documentary account of Indonesian poets active in that decade, built from his own archive of press cuttings and from documents contributed by fellow writers including Acep Zamzam Noer, Gunoto Saparie and Sutirman Eka Ardhana. He has continued to work as speaker and juror: in 2019 he served as a resource person for the review of standards and assessment instruments for literary works convened by the Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan, and he sat on the jury of the Festival Handai Indonesia in 2021, 2022 and 2023. In 2024 the Language Development and Fostering Agency of the Indonesian Ministry of Education gave him the Anugerah Kesetiaan 50 Tahun Sastrawan Berkarya, marking fifty years of published work.[37]

Works

His poetry collections include Rumpun Bambu (Purwokerto, 1974), Ekstase(with Ahita Teguh Susilo, 1975), Armageddon (with Ahita Teguh Susilo, Purwokerto, 1976), Waktu Naik Kereta Listrik (Jakarta, 1977), Selamat Pagi Nyonya Kurniawan (Jakarta, 1977), Cinta Seekor Singa (Bisnis2000, 2009), Perempuan dalam Secangkir Kopi (Kosa Kata Kita, 2010), 100 Haiku untuk Sri Ratu (Bisnis2000, 2010), Sepasang Bibir di Dalam Cangkir (Kosa Kata Kita, 2011), Bibir di Bawah Bantal (2011), Januari, Jangan Pergi (with Julia Utami, 2021), Alangkah Ganjilnya Sebuah Kota Tanpa Kamu di Dalamnya (2021), Merayakan Umur Panjang di Hari Minggu (2023) and 120 Tanka Indonesia(2023).[38]

His short fiction is collected in Tukang Bunga & Burung Gagak (with Agnes Majestika, Ana Mustamin and Kurnia Effendi, 2010), Opera Sabun Colek(2011) and Opera Sabun Colek Reborn (2021), and his story ‘Nama Saya Gadok’ was chosen by Satyagraha Hoerip for Antologi Cerita Pendek Indonesia IV (Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 1985). His journalistic novel Djakarta 1964–1965appeared in 2023. His poems run throughout the Dari Negeri Poci series (volumes 1 to 14, 1993 to 2024) and appear in anthologies including Byaaar(1977), Sembilan (1978), Nyanyian Kampus (1978), Serayu(1995), The Fifties(2009), Senandoeng Radja Ketjil (2010), Merapi Gugat (2010), Kitab Radja-Ratoe Alit (2011), Bangga Aku Jadi Rakyat Indonesia (2011), Danau Angsa(2011), Suluk Mataram: 50 Penyair Membaca Yogya (2012), Kata-Kata, Bumi dan Kita (2019), Tutur Batur (2019), 99 Puisi Wartawan Indonesia: Peradaban Baru Corona (2020) and Pulang ke Rumah Nenek (2023).[39]

As a journalist he wrote reference works on the Indonesian press, most substantially Ensiklopedi Pers Indonesia(Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 1991), a compendium of some two thousand entries on print media, journalists and press institutions.[40] It was followed by Menggebrak Dunia Pers (Puspa Swara, 1993), Rahasia Dapur Majalah di Indonesia(Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 1995) and a revised edition of the encyclopaedia issued by Bisnis2030 in 2010.

In later years he also wrote practical books on ornamental horticulture, including Panduan Praktis Perawatan Aglaonema and Menjadi Milyader dari Anthurium Daun (AgroMedia, 2006 and 2007), reflecting a parallel occupation as a small-scale plant grower. He and his work are recorded in reference works including Leksikon Kesusastraan Indonesia Modern (Djambatan, 1990), Leksikon Susastra Indonesia (Balai Pustaka, 2000), Leksikon Sastra Jakarta(2003), Ensiklopedi Sastra Indonesia (Titian Ilmu, 2004), Sang Peneroka (Gambang, 2014), Apa & Siapa Penyair Indonesia (Yayasan Hari Puisi Indonesia, 2017) and Biografi Sastrawan Banyumas (SIP Publishing, 2024).[41]

Liauw Pauw Phing

Liauw Pauw Phing is an Indonesian writer, poet, philosopher and astacologist whose work spans literature, poetry, philosophy, spirituality and science. He currently serves as an editor for seven publications within ILLUMINATION Integrated Publications on Medium.[42]

Editorial Work

He is one of thirty selected editors at ILLUMINATION, which brings together 43,000+ contributing writers from around the world and reaches a readership of 325,000+. Work published there can reach very large audiences.[43]

Literature and Philosophy

In literature, Liauw Pauw Phing is known as the originator of Transcendental Lyrical Mysticism, a poetic movement rooted in the voice of inward silence and shaped by metaphysical and mystical inquiry.[44]

Astacology and Scientific Work

Beyond literature, his work extends to scientific research, particularly astacology, the study of freshwater crayfish. In this field, he has collaborated with prominent scientists such as Chris Lukhaup, Thomas von Rintelen, PhD (Senior Researcher at the Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Research on Evolution and Biodiversity), and Reinhard Pekny.[45]

Liauw Pauw Phing was honoured through the naming of the new freshwater crayfish species Cherax phing n. sp. The description was officially published by MDPI in Arthropoda 2, no. 4 (2024): 264–293. https://doi.org/10.3390/arthropoda2040019.[46]

Freshwater Crayfish of the World

He is also named as one of the principal authors of Freshwater Crayfish of the World (ISBN 978–626–96662–5–6, 2025), written with Lukhaup and Pekny. The book was printed in Taiwan, subsequently launched, and received coverage from a German television station.[47]

The Cartography of Unbecoming

Liauw Pauw Phing is the author of The Cartography of Unbecoming: Seven Inscriptions in the Archaeology of Identity, a 454-page philosophical, metaphysical and spiritual work that traces the dismantling of identity through seven layers of consciousness, suffering, morality, karma, silence and inward freedom.

The book was published by Digitalmehmet and printed in Las Vegas, United States. It was edited by Dr Mehmet Yildiz, with a foreword by Dr Michael Broadly, DHSc. Its print ISBN is 9798235021778, and its e-book ISBN is 9798233715303.

International Availability

The book is sold through international retail and distribution networks, including print and digital bookshops, wholesalers, marketplaces, subscription-reading platforms and library platforms. Its outlets include Amazon, Google Books, Google Play Books and Apple Books worldwide, together with Barnes & Noble and Books-A-Million in the United States.

Beyond these, it is carried by further retail catalogues and by distribution partners connected to Draft2Digital, Ingram, Kobo, Gardners and the wider global book-distribution network.[48]

Wardjito Soeharso

Wardjito Soeharso was born in Semarang Regency, Central Java, on 19 January 1958. He is an Indonesian literary figure, widyaiswara (a specialist in civil-service education and training), university lecturer and prolific poet whose poetry and essays have appeared in print and digital media since 1983.[49]

Education and Professional Career

He was educated in Salatiga and went on to read English Literature at the Faculty of Letters, Diponegoro University, Semarang, where involvement in a university theatre group developed his writing. He then pursued a civil-service career at the Regional Office of the Department of Information for Central Java Province, and later served as a widyaiswara at the provincial training agency.[50] A scholarship from that department took him to Boston University, Massachusetts, for postgraduate study in international communication.[51]

Literary Career

His interest in literature took root at junior secondary school, when he began sending work to youth magazines and posting it on school noticeboards. He made his formal poetic debut in 1983 with Mendung di Atas Kota Semarang, and his poems and essays have circulated widely since. Several of his works are held by Leiden University Libraries, among them Membaca Pahlawan, Kontemplasi: Reaksi Spontan atas Berbagai Berita dan Peristiwa, Bukan Fatamorgana: 113 The Telling Poems, Yatim Piatu, Ketapel, Di Balik Bayang-Bayang Kasih Sayang, Melepas Bayang and Menebar Bayang.[52]

Works

His poetry titles include Mendung di Atas Kota Semarang (1983), Antologi Puisi Penulismuda (2007), Phantasy Poetica-Imazonation (2010), Kumpulan Puisi: Sakkarepmu! (HMGM Indramayu, 2015) and Bukan Fatamorgana: 113 The Telling Poems (Griya Media, 2023).[53] His essay collections, writing guides and other non-fiction include Penerbitan Pers di Indonesia: Dari Undang-Undang Sampai Kode Etik (Aneka Ilmu, 1994), Yuk, Nulis Puisi (2008), Yuk, Nulis Artikel (2009), Ide, Kritik, Kontemplasi (2010) and Kontemplasi: Reaksi Spontan atas Berbagai Berita dan Peristiwa(Rua Aksara, 2025).[54]

His fiction includes the trilogy Di Balik Bayang-Bayang Kasih Sayang (Rua Aksara, 2019), Melepas Bayang (2020) and Menebar Bayang (2021), the first of which was also serialised on opinijateng.com, followed by the novels Ketapel (Rua Aksara, 2022) and Yatim Piatu (Rua Aksara, 2024).[55] His contributions to multi-author anthologies include Puisi Menolak Korupsi 1 dan 2 (Forum Sastra Surakarta, 2014), Memo untuk Presiden (2014), Pengantin Langit (BNPT and Komunitas Sastra Indonesia, 2014), 76 Penyair Membaca Indonesia (TISI, 2021), 93 Penyair Membaca Ibu (TISI, 2021), Antologi Dwi Bahasa: Bahasa Ibu Bahasa Darahku (TISI, 2021) and Cinta Penyair Kampus (2026).[56]

NOTES

1. Monier Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit-English Dictionary (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1899), s.vv. ‘pañca’ and ‘vāra’; P. J. Zoetmulder, with Stuart O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary, 2 vols. (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1982), s.v. ‘wāra’.

2. Natanael Karjanto and François Beauducel, ‘An Ethnoarithmetic Excursion into the Javanese Calendar’, in Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Mathematical Practice, ed. Bharath Sriraman (Cham: Springer, 2024), 1097–1126, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40846-5_82.

3. Karjanto and Beauducel, ‘Ethnoarithmetic Excursion’, on the association of the pasaran days with the cardinal directions and a centre; Timothy E. Behrend, ‘Kraton and Cosmos in Traditional Java’, Archipel 37 (1989): 173–87, https://doi.org/10.3406/arch.1989.2569, on the wider Javanese cosmology of centre and quarters.

4. ‘Adri Darmadji Woko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, accessed 22 August 2026, https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adri_Darmadji_Woko. The biographical details in this profile that are drawn from this entry are not corroborated by an independent source.

5. ‘Adri Darmadji Woko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia.

6. ‘Adri Darmadji Woko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia.

7. ‘Adri Darmadji Woko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia.

8. ‘Adri Darmadji Woko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia.

9. ‘Adri Darmadji Woko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia.

10. ‘Adri Darmadji Woko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia.

11. ‘Adri Darmadji Woko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia. The Indonesian staging titles are given as recorded there; the originals are Molière, Le Misanthrope(1666), and Anton Chekhov, Swan Song (Lebedinaya pesnya, 1887).

12. ‘Adri Darmadji Woko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; ‘Kumpulan Puisi karya Adri Darmadji Woko’, Sepenuhnya.com, accessed 22 August 2026, https://www.sepenuhnya.com/p/puisi-karya-adri-darmadji-woko.html.

13. ‘Adri Darmadji Woko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia.

14. ‘Adri Darmadji Woko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia. The holding by the National Library of Australia is asserted in this entry and has not been checked against the library’s own catalogue.

15. ‘Adri Darmadji Woko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; ‘Boneka Mainan: Kumpulan Puisi’, Universitas Indonesia Library catalogue, accessed 22 August 2026, https://lib.ui.ac.id/detail.jsp?id=20154657.

16. ‘Adri Darmadji Woko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; ‘Kumpulan Puisi karya Adri Darmadji Woko’.

17. ‘Adri Darmadji Woko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia.

18. ‘Bambang Widiatmoko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, accessed 22 August 2026, https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bambang_Widiatmoko.

19. ‘Bambang Widiatmoko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; ‘Sastrawan Ternama Kelahiran Yogyakarta Mampir Mengintip Puisi Karya Pelajar Parepare’, Portal Insiden, 29 August 2024, accessed 22 August 2026, https://portalinsiden.com/2024/08/29/sastrawan-ternama-kelahiran-yogyakarta-mampir-mengintip-puisi-karya-pelajar-parepare/2/.

20. ‘Bambang Widiatmoko: KOTA TANPA BUNGA’, Kepada Puisi, 2 February 2015, accessed 22 August 2026, http://kepadapuisi.blogspot.com/2015/02/kota-tanpa-bunga.html. The postgraduate programme is named only in this source, which is a personal weblog; the detail awaits institutional confirmation.

21. ‘Bambang Widiatmoko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; ‘Bambang Widiatmoko: KOTA TANPA BUNGA’.

22. ‘Bambang Widiatmoko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; ‘Puisi-Puisi Bambang Widiatmoko’, Media Indonesia, 5 November 2023, accessed 22 August 2026, https://mediaindonesia.com/sajak-kofe/627046/puisi-puisi-bambang-widiatmoko. The characterisation of the early collections is editorial and not a claim of the cited sources.

23. ‘Bambang Widiatmoko’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia.

24. ‘Sastrawan Pinggiran Banyumas Berkarya “Di Desa Berpuisi”’, Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Tengah, 9 November 2020, accessed 22 August 2026, https://jatengprov.go.id/beritadaerah/sastrawan-pinggiran-banyumas-berkarya-di-desa-berpuisi/.

25. ‘Sastrawan Ternama Kelahiran Yogyakarta’. The congress met in Ipoh, Perak, from 20 to 26 October 2013.

26. ‘Puisi-Puisi Bambang Widiatmoko’; ‘Anton Sulistyo Menangi Lomba Cipta Puisi 2023’, Media Indonesia, 28 October 2023, accessed 2 September 2026, https://mediaindonesia.com/sajak-kofe/625216/anton-sulistyo-menangi-lomba-cipta-puisi-2023.

27. ‘Dua Sastrawan Riau Terima Penghargaan Pengabdian Sastra’, Cakaplah.com, 1 July 2024, accessed 22 August 2026, https://www.cakaplah.com/berita/baca/112110/2024/07/01/dua-sastrawan-riau-terima-penghargaan-pengabdian-sastra; Bambang Widiatmoko, biographical note supplied to the compiler, 2026. The awarding body is named in the poet’s own note as the Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology.

28. ‘Sastrawan Ternama Kelahiran Yogyakarta’; ‘CERPEN’, Balai Bahasa Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah, 2021, accessed 22 August 2026, https://balaibahasasulteng.kemdikbud.go.id/bahasa/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/EDISI-2021-08-21_compressed.pdf; Widiatmoko, biographical note. Tetaplah Tidur Mendengkur is recorded only in the poet’s own note.

29. ‘CERPEN’; Widiatmoko, biographical note, which is the source for the anthologies and essay volumes dated 2022 and later. The title of the Bolivian-Indonesian anthology is reproduced as printed in the CERPEN listing; the Spanish form would carry acute accents, and the title page should be checked before publication.

30. ‘Kurniawan Junaedhie’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, accessed 22 August 2026, https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurniawan_Junaedhie; ‘Jejak Kegigihan Kurniawan Junaedhie’, Pojok TIM, 5 August 2024, accessed 22 August 2026, https://pojoktim.com/jejak-kegigihan-kurniawan-junaedhie/; Kurniawan Junaedhie, curriculum vitae supplied to the compiler, 2026. Where the two disagree, the poet’s own curriculum vitae is followed: it gives the year of birth as 1954, against 1956 in the Wikipedia entry, and dates the first mimeographed collection to 1974 rather than 1971. Both readings are supported from within the poet’s own record, since Sang Peneroka was issued in November 2014 to mark his sixtieth birthday, and the Anugerah Kesetiaan 50 Tahun Sastrawan Berkarya was conferred in 2024.

31. ‘Kurniawan Junaedhie’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; ‘Jejak Kegigihan Kurniawan Junaedhie’; Junaedhie, curriculum vitae.

32. Junaedhie, curriculum vitae. The sequence of editorial posts, and the magazines Intan and MAJAS and the 1984 return to Dewi, are recorded there.

33. ‘Kurniawan Junaedhie’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; Junaedhie, curriculum vitae.

34. ‘Kurniawan Junaedhie’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; Junaedhie, curriculum vitae.

35. ‘Tentang Kami’, Kosa Kata Kita, accessed 22 August 2026, https://penerbitkosakatakita.com/tentang-kami/.

36. ‘Jejak Kegigihan Kurniawan Junaedhie’; Junaedhie, curriculum vitae. The counts of instalments and printings are those recorded at the date of access.

37. ‘Jejak Kegigihan Kurniawan Junaedhie’; Junaedhie, curriculum vitae.

38. Junaedhie, curriculum vitae.

39. Junaedhie, curriculum vitae.

40. ‘Kurniawan Junaedhie’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; ‘Ensiklopedi Pers Indonesia’, Perpustakaan Jakarta catalogue, accessed 22 August 2026, https://perpustakaan.jakarta.go.id/book/detail?cn=JAKPU-03100000002652.

41. ‘Kurniawan Junaedhie’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; Junaedhie, curriculum vitae.

42. ILLUMINATION, ‘Editorial Bio of Liauw Pauw Phing: A Cross-Disciplinary Synthesis’, Medium, 3 February 2026, accessed 2 September 2026, https://medium.com/illumination/editorial-bio-of-liauw-pauw-phing-a-cross-disciplinary-synthesis-99a29bab5023.

43. ILLUMINATION, ‘Editorial Bio of Liauw Pauw Phing’; Liauw Pauw Phing, ‘Biography of Liauw Pauw Phing: A Cross-Disciplinary Blend’, Medium, accessed 2 September 2026, https://medium.com/@phingfmt/about. The numbers of editors, contributing writers and readers are those recorded at the date of access.

44. Liauw, ‘Biography of Liauw Pauw Phing’.

45. Liauw, ‘Biography of Liauw Pauw Phing’. The collaborations are documented in notes 46 and 47 below.

46. Christian Lukhaup, Rury Eprilurahman, and Thomas von Rintelen, ‘Two New Species of Crayfish of the Genus Cherax (Crustacea, Decapoda, Parastacidae) from Western and Eastern Indonesian New Guinea’, Arthropoda 2, no. 4 (2024): 264–293, https://doi.org/10.3390/arthropoda2040019. The etymology of the specific epithet states that Cherax phing n. sp. was named in honour of Liauw Pauw Phing for his contribution to knowledge of the freshwater crayfish of Papua.

47. Chris Lukhaup, Reinhard Pekny, and Liauw Pauw Phing, Freshwater Crayfish of the World (Fish Magazine Taiwan, 2025), ISBN 978–626–96662–5–6; NHBS, catalogue entry listed under the short title Crayfish of the World, accessed 2 September 2026, https://www.nhbs.com/crayfish-of-the-world-book. Liauw Pauw Phing is named on the book’s cover as one of its three principal authors, alongside Chris Lukhaup and Reinhard Pekny. The book was printed in Taiwan and subsequently launched, and it received coverage from a German television station.

48. Liauw Pauw Phing, The Cartography of Unbecoming: Seven Inscriptions in the Archaeology of Identity (Digitalmehmet, 2026), 454 pp., print ISBN 9798235021778, e-book ISBN 9798233715303; Mehmet Yildiz, ‘The Cartography of Unbecoming: Why I Edited a Philosophical, Metaphysical, and Spiritual Book’, Medium, 16 April 2026, accessed 2 September 2026, https://medium.com/technical-excellence/the-cartography-of-unbecoming-9192c98e6cb5; Digitalmehmet, ‘The Cartography of Unbecoming: Official Page’, accessed 2 September 2026, https://digitalmehmet.com/the-cartography-of-unbecoming-official-page/; Liauw Pauw Phing, ‘How One Soul Learned to Speak’, Digitalmehmet, 4 May 2026, accessed 2 September 2026, https://digitalmehmet.com/2026/05/04/how-one-soul-learned-to-speak/.The book was printed in Las Vegas, United States, edited by Dr Mehmet Yildiz, and published with a foreword by Dr Michael Broadly, DHSc. The outlets listed are those recorded by the publisher at the date of access.

49. ‘Wardjito Soeharso’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, accessed 22 August 2026, https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wardjito_Soeharso.

50. ‘Wardjito Soeharso’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia.

51. ‘Wardjito Soeharso’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia. The entry records the departmental scholarship and the field of study at Boston University but does not state the award of a degree; the MSc that appears with his name is therefore not asserted here.

52. Leiden University Libraries, catalogue search for Wardjito Soeharso, accessed 22 August 2026, https://catalogue.leidenuniv.nl/discovery/search?query=creator,exact,Soeharso,%20Wardjito,AND&vid=31UKB_LEU:UBL_V1&facet=creator,exact,Soeharso,%20Wardjito&mode=advanced&offset=0. This is a search URL and may not persist; the individual records should be cited in any reissue.

53. ‘Wardjito Soeharso’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia.

54. ‘Wardjito Soeharso’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia. The imprint date of Penerbitan Pers di Indonesia is given as 1994 in this entry; the year 1993, which appears in some listings, has not been confirmed.

55. ‘Wardjito Soeharso’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia.

56. ‘Wardjito Soeharso’, Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

‘Adri Darmadji Woko’. Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adri_Darmadji_Woko.

‘Anton Sulistyo Menangi Lomba Cipta Puisi 2023’. Media Indonesia. 28 October 2023. Accessed 2 September 2026. https://mediaindonesia.com/sajak-kofe/625216/anton-sulistyo-menangi-lomba-cipta-puisi-2023.

Bambang Widiatmoko. Biographical note supplied to the compiler. Unpublished document, 2026.

‘Bambang Widiatmoko’. Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bambang_Widiatmoko.

‘Bambang Widiatmoko: KOTA TANPA BUNGA’. Kepada Puisi. 2 February 2015. Accessed 22 August 2026. http://kepadapuisi.blogspot.com/2015/02/kota-tanpa-bunga.html.

Behrend, Timothy E. ‘Kraton and Cosmos in Traditional Java’. Archipel 37 (1989): 173–87. https://doi.org/10.3406/arch.1989.2569.

‘Boneka Mainan: Kumpulan Puisi’. Universitas Indonesia Library catalogue. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://lib.ui.ac.id/detail.jsp?id=20154657.

‘CERPEN’. Balai Bahasa Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. 2021. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://balaibahasasulteng.kemdikbud.go.id/bahasa/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/EDISI-2021-08-21_compressed.pdf.

Digitalmehmet. ‘The Cartography of Unbecoming: Official Page’. Accessed 2 September 2026. https://digitalmehmet.com/the-cartography-of-unbecoming-official-page/.

‘Dua Sastrawan Riau Terima Penghargaan Pengabdian Sastra’. Cakaplah.com. 1 July 2024. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://www.cakaplah.com/berita/baca/112110/2024/07/01/dua-sastrawan-riau-terima-penghargaan-pengabdian-sastra.

‘Ensiklopedi Pers Indonesia’. Perpustakaan Jakarta catalogue. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://perpustakaan.jakarta.go.id/book/detail?cn=JAKPU-03100000002652.

ILLUMINATION. ‘Editorial Bio of Liauw Pauw Phing: A Cross-Disciplinary Synthesis’. Medium. 3 February 2026. Accessed 2 September 2026. https://medium.com/illumination/editorial-bio-of-liauw-pauw-phing-a-cross-disciplinary-synthesis-99a29bab5023.

‘Jejak Kegigihan Kurniawan Junaedhie’. Pojok TIM. 5 August 2024. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://pojoktim.com/jejak-kegigihan-kurniawan-junaedhie/.

Karjanto, Natanael, and François Beauducel. ‘An Ethnoarithmetic Excursion into the Javanese Calendar’. In Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Mathematical Practice, edited by Bharath Sriraman, 1097–1126. Cham: Springer, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40846-5_82.

‘Kumpulan Puisi karya Adri Darmadji Woko’. Sepenuhnya.com. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://www.sepenuhnya.com/p/puisi-karya-adri-darmadji-woko.html.

Kurniawan Junaedhie. Curriculum vitae supplied to the compiler. Unpublished document, 2026.

‘Kurniawan Junaedhie’. Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurniawan_Junaedhie.

Leiden University Libraries. Catalogue search for Wardjito Soeharso. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://catalogue.leidenuniv.nl/discovery/search?query=creator,exact,Soeharso,%20Wardjito,AND&vid=31UKB_LEU:UBL_V1&facet=creator,exact,Soeharso,%20Wardjito&mode=advanced&offset=0.

Liauw Pauw Phing. ‘Biography of Liauw Pauw Phing: A Cross-Disciplinary Blend’. Medium. Accessed 2 September 2026. https://medium.com/@phingfmt/about.

Liauw Pauw Phing. The Cartography of Unbecoming: Seven Inscriptions in the Archaeology of Identity. Digitalmehmet, 2026. Print ISBN 9798235021778, e-book ISBN 9798233715303.

Liauw Pauw Phing. ‘How One Soul Learned to Speak’. Digitalmehmet. 4 May 2026. Accessed 2 September 2026. https://digitalmehmet.com/2026/05/04/how-one-soul-learned-to-speak/.

Lukhaup, Chris, Reinhard Pekny, and Liauw Pauw Phing. Freshwater Crayfish of the World. Translated by Ulli Bauer. Fish Magazine Taiwan, 2025. ISBN 978–626–96662–5–6.

Lukhaup, Christian, Rury Eprilurahman, and Thomas von Rintelen. ‘Two New Species of Crayfish of the Genus Cherax (Crustacea, Decapoda, Parastacidae) from Western and Eastern Indonesian New Guinea’. Arthropoda 2, no. 4 (2024): 264–293. https://doi.org/10.3390/arthropoda2040019.

Monier-Williams, Monier. A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1899.

NHBS. Catalogue entry for Crayfish of the World. Accessed 2 September 2026. https://www.nhbs.com/crayfish-of-the-world-book.

‘Puisi-Puisi Bambang Widiatmoko’. Media Indonesia. 5 November 2023. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://mediaindonesia.com/sajak-kofe/627046/puisi-puisi-bambang-widiatmoko.

‘Sastrawan Pinggiran Banyumas Berkarya “Di Desa Berpuisi”’. Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Tengah. 9 November 2020. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://jatengprov.go.id/beritadaerah/sastrawan-pinggiran-banyumas-berkarya-di-desa-berpuisi/.

‘Sastrawan Ternama Kelahiran Yogyakarta Mampir Mengintip Puisi Karya Pelajar Parepare’. Portal Insiden. 29 August 2024. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://portalinsiden.com/2024/08/29/sastrawan-ternama-kelahiran-yogyakarta-mampir-mengintip-puisi-karya-pelajar-parepare/2/.

‘Tentang Kami’. Kosa Kata Kita. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://penerbitkosakatakita.com/tentang-kami/.

‘Wardjito Soeharso’. Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia. Accessed 22 August 2026. https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wardjito_Soeharso.

Yildiz, Mehmet. ‘The Cartography of Unbecoming: Why I Edited a Philosophical, Metaphysical, and Spiritual Book’. Medium. 16 April 2026. Accessed 2 September 2026. https://medium.com/technical-excellence/the-cartography-of-unbecoming-9192c98e6cb5.

Zoetmulder, P. J., with Stuart O. Robson. Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 2 vols. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1982.

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About the book

With deep gratitude, I wish to thank Dr Mehmet Yildiz for his generous editorial guidance, his discerning eye, and the intellectual care he has given this work.

Here is the editorial review of the book by Dr Yildiz:

The Cartography of Unbecoming
Why I Edited a Philosophical, Metaphysical, and Spiritual Book medium.com

I am equally indebted to Dr Michael Broadly, DHSc, for the generosity with which he wrote the foreword. I linked his foreword too:

Foreword to “The Cartography of Unbecoming” by Liauw Pauw Phing
Why a Retired Scientist Has an Interest in a Philosophical and Metaphysical Bookmedium.com

Their trust, encouragement, and contributions have shaped this book far beyond anything I could have achieved alone.

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I am pleased that the book has been published and is available in several book stores. Here is the official page.

This book is now available for preorders and will be released on 30 April 2026. The early access digital and audio formats are available via Google Books and Google Play. Here is the landing page, which will include digital, paperback, hardcover, and audio links.

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ILLUMINATION Philosophy and Metaphysics

ILLUMINATION Philosophy and Metaphysics
A publication devoted to philosophy, metaphysics, ethics, consciousness, cognition, psychology, mindfulness…medium.com

Introduction

ILLUMINATION Philosophy and Metaphysics: An Introduction by the Owner
This publication is devoted to philosophy, metaphysics, spirituality, mindfulness, psychology, ethics, consciousness…medium.com

Submission Guidelines by Dr Michael Broadly, DHSc

ILLUMINATION Philosophy and Metaphysics: Initial Submission Guidelines
Welcome to a new publication within the ILLUMINATION Integrated Publications ecosystemmedium.com

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Here is some information about my background and editorial profile.